The potential of pharmacological activities of the multi-compound treatment for GERD: literature review and a network pharmacology-based analysis

Abstract The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is rapidly increasing due to the adoption a Westernized lifestyle; at same time, safe and efficient treatment required side effects refractoriness proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). frequently used multi-compound for GERD in current traditional Korean medicine (TKM) clinical field comprises Crassostrea gigas Thunberg shell (CGTS), Bambusae Caulis Taeniam (BCT), Ponciri Fructus Immaturus (PFI), Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG), medicated leaven (ML) Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (GRR). review was based on “Kun-Shin-Choa-Sa” theory network analysis conducted explore potential pharmacological activities, including efficacy mechanisms action against GERD. Hypergeometric test results showed that targets are significantly associated with gene sets, consistent literature findings. In particular, enrichment indicated SBG related IL-17 signaling pathway, bile secretion, small-cell lung cancer, non-small cell corroborating review, particularly concerning anti-inflammatory effect. CGTS BCT, classified as “Kun,” play role anti-acid, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative effects. complementary “Shin” herbs, PFI SBG, functions improving prolonged gastric emptying rate, peristalsis, cytoprotective With “Choa,” ML suggested inhibit H. pylori growth diminish acid secretion pathway analysis. However, did not show any pathways PFI, which may reflect lack information KEGG database terms link between GERD, its mechanisms, abundance minerals CGTS. Despite treatment, this study should be corroborated by well-designed future experimental studies.